Nomenclature and Printout Explanation

Bridge Layout

Setting	Description
Overall width	Overall width of the bridge.
Left Curb/Right Curb	Width of the left and right curbs.
Curb-to-curb width	Overall width minus curb widths.
Number of spans	Total number of spans.
Number of lanes	Total number of lanes.
Lane width	Width of each lane.
Topping Thickness	Concrete thickness of deck.
Suppl. Thickness	Thickness of supplemental concrete layer added on top of the deck.
Haunch Thickness	Thickness of build up over each beam flange.
Haunch Width	Width of build up over each beam flange.

Concrete Properties

Setting	Description
C.I.P	Cast-in-place topping.
fck	28-day compressive strength of concrete.
W_c	Weight of concrete.
E_c	Modulus of elasticity of 28-day strength concrete.
f'_ci	Compressive strength of concrete at release of prestress.
E_ci	Modulus of elasticity of concrete at release.

Span Data

Setting	Description
Span	Span number.
Pier-to-pier	Centerline of pier to centerline of pier.
Precast	Precast beam length.
Brg-to-brg	Centerline of bearing to centerline of bearing at final conditions.
Pier CL-Precast	Distance from centerline of left pier to left end of precast beam.
Release	Distance between centerlines of temporary supports at release.
Bridge c/s M.I.	Moment of inertia of the entire composite bridge cross-section.

Beam Data

Setting	Description
Span	Span for which the data is listed in the particular section.
No.	Beam line number.
ID	Beam identification.
Loc-prev	The distance to the centerline of a particular beam measured from the centerline of the previous beam to its left. For the first beam in a span, it is the distance between its centerline and the leftmost edge of bridge cross-section.
Area	Gross area of cross-section of precast girder.
M.I.	Gross moment of inertia of girder cross-section.
Height	Height of the girder.
Yb	Distance from bottom of girder to its center of gravity.
B-Topg	Width of precast top flange.
B-Trib	Tributary width over which loads will be calculated for design purposes.

Loads on Precast

Superimposed dead loads on precast beams.

Setting	Description
Span	Span number.
Beam	Beam number.
Type	Load type, e.g., line load or point load.
Mag	Magnitude of line load or point load.
Loc	Location of point load measured from left bearing.

Diaphragm Loads

Superimposed dead loads of diaphragms on the precast beams.

Setting	Description
Span	Span number.
Beam	Beam number.
Mag	Magnitude of concentrated diaphragm load.
Loc	Location of point load measured from left bearing.

Loads on Composite

Superimposed dead loads on the composite section.

Setting	Description
Span	Span number.
Type	Load type, e.g., area load, line load,trapezoidal or point load.
Mag	Magnitude of area load, line load, trapezoidal or point load.
Loc	Location of point load measured from the left pier centerline.
Width	Width of area load.
Mag.2, Loc.2	Ending Location and Magnitude for trapezoidal load.

Precast Data

Setting	Description
Section ID	Girder identification.
Type	Type of the girder.
Flng width: Top, Bot	Top and bottom flange width of specified girder.
Flng thick: Top, Bot	Thickness of top and bottom flanges of the specified girder.
Stems: No	Number of stems of girder cross-section.
Top	Stem width at its top.
Bot	Stem width at its bottom.
Shear width	Number of stems times average stem width.

General Bridge Data

Setting	Description
Bridge width	Overall bridge width.
Curb-to-curb	Bridge width minus curb widths.
Beam Spac. Lt/Rt	Beam spacing. Distance from centerline of beam on left, Lt, and distance from centerline of beam on right, Rt.
Lane Width	Design lane width.
No. of lanes	Number of lanes across the bridge width.
Interior/Exterior	Indicates if the beam is considered as exterior or interior beam for the purpose of calculating the live load distribution factor.
Skew Angle	For skewed bridges, angle measured from centerline of pier to the normal to bridge centerline.

Topping Data

Setting

Description

Deck Thickness

Concrete thickness of deck.

Haunch

Thickness of build-up over the beam flange.

Setting	Description
Thickness	Haunch thickness.
Width	Haunch width.
Effective Width	Effective flange width of the section composed of precast beam and topping computed as the tributary width for the beam.

General Load Data

Setting

Description

Dead Loads on Precast

Dead loads applied to the precast girder.

Setting	Description
Type	Load type, e.g., line or point load.
Mag	Magnitude of line or point load.
Loc	Location of diaphragm point load measured from left bearing.

Diaphragm Loads

Dead loads of diaphragms applied as point loads to the precastgirder.

Setting	Description
Mag	Magnitude of concentrated load applied to the girder.
Loc	Location of diaphragm point load measured from left bearing.

Dead Load on Composite

See Loads on Composite.

Impact

Impact factor per IRC:6-2000, clause 211.2.

Dead load on precast.

Superimposed dead load on composite.

Load Factors

Setting	Description
Load Factors, G	For dead loads on precast.
Load Factors, SG	For superimposed dead loads.
Load Factors, QIm	For live loads.

General Span Data

Setting	Description
Overall Length	Overall length of precast girder.
Release Length	Distance between temporary supports at release.
Design Length	Bearing to bearing distance between girder supports at final.

Miscellaneous

Setting	Description
Kern pts	Upper and lower kern points of the cross-section measured from the bottom of the beam.
Trans len mult	Transfer length multipliers for bonded and debonded prestressing strands.
Dev len mult	Development length multipliers for bonded and debonded prestressing strands.

Distribution/Reaction Factors

Setting

Description

Dead Load

SG/Composite dead load distribution factor (computed or manual).

Live Load - Girder

Setting	Description
Moment/Shear	The Reaction Factor for moment/shear due to live load computed using the Courbon’s Method or the Continuous Beam Method.

Pedestrian

Pedestrian load distribution factor (same as dead load DF).

Computed or Manual

Specifies whether the values were calculated by the program or user-defined.

Section Properties

Setting

Description

Precast

Section properties of precast beam alone.

Composite

Section properties of precast beam plus topping. Same as Precast if no topping is used.

Area

Area of Precast/Composite.

Total Height

Total height of Precast/Composite.

*(Asterisk)

Indicates where ratio of Ect/Ec is used for calculation of section properties for Composite.

Mom of Inertia

Moment of inertia about center of gravity of Precast/Composite.

Ht. of c.g.

Height of center of gravity of Precast/Composite measured from the bottom of the precast.

Density

Density of concrete.

Self-weight

Self-weight of Precast/Composite.

At 28-Days

Strength, stresses, and elasticity of concrete at 28-days.

Setting	Description
Strength	Specified compressive strength of precast concrete, fck, and topping, fck_t.
Max. comp	Maximum permissible compressive stress at the top of PRECAST/ COMPOSITE.
Max tens: Bot	Maximum allowable tensile stress at the bottom of PRECAST at final.
Elasticity	Modulus of elasticity of PRECAST/COMPOSITE.

At Release

Strength, stresses, and elasticity of PRECAST/COMPOSITE/SUPPLEMENTAL at release.

Setting	Description
Strength	Specified compressive strength of precast concrete, fck_i at release.
Max comp: Bot	Maximum allowable compressive stress at bottom of PRECAST at release.
Max comp: Top	Maximum allowable compressive stress at top of PRECAST at release.
Elasticity	Modulus of elasticity of PRECAST concrete at release, Eci.

Use transformed strands and rebar

No" means strand and rebar is not transformed into concrete properties. "Yes" means strand and rebar are transformed into concrete section properties. An area and height of rebar to be transformed can be specified.

Prestressed Steel

Setting	Description
Prestressed Steel	Information about prestressing strands.
End Pattern	Location of strands at the end of the beam.
Ycg	Center of gravity of strands measured from the bottom of the precast.
Mid Pattern	Location of strands at the middle of the beam.
Ycg	Center of gravity of strands measured from the bottom of the precast.
Strand Dia	Diameter of one prestressing strand.
Strand Area	Area of one prestressing strand.
Total strand area	Total area of strands.
Trans. len, basic	Basic transfer length.
Trans. len, bonded	Transfer length for bonded strands.
Trans. len, debonded	Transfer length for debonded strands.
Ult. strength	Ultimate strength of prestressing strands, f's.
Initial prestress	Jacking stress as a fraction of ultimate strength.
Initial pull	Initial prestress times total strand area.
Dev len, basic	Basic development length ).
Dev len, bonded	Development length for bonded strands.
Dev len, debonded	Development length for debonded strands.
Hold down force	Vertical component of draped strands force.
Beam shortening	Computed as PL/AE.

Reinforcing Steel

Setting	Description
Tension steel	Characteristics of tension reinforcement steel.
f_y	Specified yield strength of tension reinforcement.
f_s	Tensile stress in tension reinforcement.
Shear steel	Characteristics of steel for shear reinforcement.
f_sy	Specified yield strength of shear reinforcement.
Modulus of elasticity	Modulus of elasticity of tension and shear steel.

Prestress Losses

Setting

Description

Midspan

Setting	Description
Str. area	Area of strands at midspan.
Ycg	Location of center of gravity of strands at midspan measured from the bottom of the precast girder.
P-init	Initial pull force.
Ecc	Eccentricity of prestressing force from the centroid of the cross-section.

Age of Loading

Age of loading.

E_s

Modulus of elasticity of prestressing steel strand.

E_ci

Modulus of elasticity of concrete, at release.

IRC LOSSES

Loss of prestress by IS: 1343-1980.

Release

Loss of prestress at release.

Final

Final loss of prestress.

Steel relaxation RET CRs

Loss due to relaxation of prestressing steel.

Elastic shortening E_S

Loss of prestress due to elastic shortening.

Strain Shrinkage

Strain Shrinkage.

Concrete shrinkage, SH

Loss of prestress due to concrete shrinkage.

Concrete creep, CRc

Loss of prestress due to creep of concrete.

Strain Shrinkage

Strain Shrinkage.

Total

Total loss of prestress at release/final.

Shielding and Reduced Initial Pulls

Setting	Description
Group	Number of a group composed of one or two strands.
Strands	Number of strands in a specified group.
Heights/End	Location of center of gravity of the group of strands at both ends of the precast.
Heights/Mid	Location of center of gravity of the group of strands at the midspan.
Shielding/End	Length of shielding at midspan. Shielding extends half the specified length on each side of midspan.
Shielding/Mid	Length of shielding at midspan. Shielding extends half the specified length on each side of midspan.
Initial Pull Frac	Initial pull fraction of strands represented as a fraction of ultimate strength of prestressing steel.
Initial Pull/Str.	Initial prestress force per strand.

Shear and Moment Envelope

Setting	Description
M	Maximum moment due to a particular load component at a section.
V	Corresponding shear associated with the above moment. This is the maximum absolute value for shear.
M+	Maximum positive moment due to live load, pedestrian load, or combined total maximum positive moment.
V	Shear corresponding to M+. This is the maximum absolute value for shear.
M-	Maximum negative moment due to live load, pedestrian load, or combined total maximum negative moment.
V	Shear corresponding to M-. This is the maximum absolute value for shear.
Vmax	Maximum absolute value of shear due to live load, pedestrian load, or combined total absolute maximum shear.
M	Moment corresponding to Vmax.
Bearing	Left and right bearing centerlines.
Trans	Transfer location of strands taken as fifty strand diameters from the end of the precast and measured from the centerline of bearing.
H/2	Half of the overall depth of the member measured from the inner face of the bearing pad.
0.xL	Point of 0.x of precast length measured from the left bearing.
Midspan	Midspan of the girder.
Self wt.	M and V due to self-weight of precast calculated for simply supported beam with "brg-to-brg" span length. Includes gamma factors.
G-Prec	M and V due to dead load acting on bare precast calculated for simply supported beam with brg-to-brg span length.
Deck + Haunch	M and V due to deck and haunch weight acting on precast calculated for simply supported beam with "brg-to-brg" span length. Includes gamma and beta factors.
SG-Comp	M and V due to superimposed dead loads acting on composite. Calculated for continuous beam model with pier-to-pier spans.
QIm	M and V envelopes due to selected live loads. Includes impact factors.
Pedestrian	M and V envelopes due to pedestrian load. Includes gamma, beta and impact factors.
Total	Total M and V values due to all of the components listed above.

Moments and shears for Service and Factored load combinations.

Reactions

Note: Upward reactions are positive. Live load reactions are per lane with no distribution factor and no impact factor considered. Non-composite load types are per beam. Composite and pedestrian load types are per total bridge width. Individual reaction values (under both Service and Ultimate conditions) are reported at the Left and Right supports for the following load components: Self-wt, Deck + Haunch, Diaphragm, G-Prec., SG-Comp, Live Loads (Max and Min), and Pedestrian Loads (Max and Min).

Release Stresses

Note: Release stresses are shown for only half a beam due to the symmetry of prestress and self-weight.

Setting

Description

Self wt

Stress due to girder self-weight only (considering release span).

Setting	Description
Precast-Top	Stress at the top of the precast due to self-weight.
Bottom	Stress at the bottom of the precast due to self-weight.

Prestress

Stress due to prestressing force only at transfer.

Setting	Description
Precast-Top	Stress at the top of the precast due to the prestressing force.
Bottom	Stress at the bottom of the precast due to the prestressing force.

Total

Total stress at release (due to prestress and self-weight).

Setting	Description
Precast-Top	Total stress at the top of the precast due to prestress and self-weight.
Bottom	Total stress at the bottom of the precast due to prestress and self-weight.

*(Asterisk)

Denotes stress exceeds allowable.

Final Stresses: Positive Moment Envelope

Note: Final stresses are shown for half of a beam only. See the section Full Beam And Half Beam for more details. Stresses are checked for both halves of the beam and the controlling stress is reported. Positive sign of the stress indicates compression and negative indicates tension.

Setting	Description
Prest/Precast-Top	Final stress at the top of the precast due to prestressing force.
Prest/Bottom	Final stress at the bottom of the precast due to prestressing force.
Self wt/Precast-Top	Final stress at the top of the precast due to self-weight of the beam.
Self wt/Bottom	Final stress at the bottom of the precast due to self-weight of the beam.
G-Prec/Precast-Top	Final stress at the top of the precast due to dead loads acting on the bare precast section.
G-Prec/Bottom	Final stress at the bottom of the precast due to dead loads acting on the bare precast section.
Topping/Precast-Top	Final stress at the top of the precast due to the weight of the topping on the bare precast section.
Topping/Bottom	Final stress at the bottom of the precast due to the weight of the topping on the bare precast section.
DL-Comp	Final stress due to superimposed dead load on composite obtained for a model of multi-span continuous beam with pier-to-pier spans. Composite is made from precast girder and topping.
SG-Comp/Topping-Top	Final stress at the top of the topping due to superimposed dead loads on the composite section.
SG-Comp/Precast-Top	Final stress at the top of the precast due to superimposed dead loads on the composite section.
SG-Comp/Bottom	Final stress at the bottom of the precast due to superimposed dead loads on the composite section.
QIm (+)	Final stress due to positive moments generated by live load.
Total	Total final stresses due to all of the components listed above.

Vertical Shear

Setting	Description
*(asterisk)	Denotes an IRC code violation.
V_u	Total shear force due to ultimate loads.
V_cl	Ultimate design shear force acting on precast section alone.
M_pc	Ultimate design moment acting on the precast section alone.
ec	Eccentricity distance of the cg composite section from centroid of strands.
f_cm	Stress at composite centroid due to Mpc.
f_cp	Stress at composite centroid due to prestressing.
f_cp-fin	0.8fcp +fcm.
f_s	Stress at composite centroid due to shear, Vcl.
V_co	Ultimate shear resistance of section uncracked in flexure, cl.14.1.2.2.
V_cr	Ultimate shear resistance of section cracked in flexure, cl.14.1.3.
V_{cr_lim}	Lower limit on Vcr.
A_{v_min}	Minimum shear reinforcement, clause 14.1.4.
A_v	Required area of shear steel.
theta	Computed shear stress.
Theta_max	Maximum shear stress based on concrete grade, table 6.
M_t	Cracking moment at the section under consideration.
d	Depth from extreme compression fibre to the centroid of the tendons at section.
Along	Longitudinal shear reinforcement required, cl. 15.3.
Avprvd	Provided area of shear reinforcement.
Avprvd/Avrqrd	Ratio of provided vs. required shear reinforcement.

Anchorage Zone Reinforcement

Setting	Description
F_pi	Force in strand, just before release.
f_s	Stress in steel.
Abrst-req	Required steel area to be provided within a distance d/4 from the end of the beam.
h/5	Distance (from end of beam) within which transverse reinforcement has to be provided h is the overall height of precast member.

Horizontal Shear

Setting	Description
b	Width of contact surface between the precast top flange and topping being investigated for horizontal shear.
f_sy	Yield strength of non-prestressed shear reinforcement.
V_s	Vertical shear due to dead load placed after composite section is effective and working live load with impact.
V_L	Longitudinal shear per unit length, cl. 611.4.1.3.3, IRC22-1986.
V_lx	Computed ultimate bond stress at interface for rough bonding case.
t-max	Ultimate bond stress limit.

Camber and Deflections

Camber and deflections due to various loads, at the following stages:

Setting	Description
Release	Time at which the strands are cut in the prestressing bed.
Erection	30 to 60 days after release.
Final	Long term.
Mult	PCI camber and deflection multipliers.
Prestress	Camber for prestress girder due to prestress only.
Self Wt.	Deflection of girder under self-weight.
Deck + Haunch	Girder deflection due to deck and haunch weight.
G-Prec	Deflection of girder due to superimposed dead load on Precast.
Diaphragm	Deflection of girder due to diaphragm loads.
SG-Comp	Girder deflection due to superimposed dead load applied to composite model.
Live Load	Deflection due to live load.

Ultimate Capacity

Note: The effect of any partially developed strands is accounted for by linearly reducing the nominal area of the strands at a given section along the beam in accordance with their development length. This is shown in the printout as the effective area of steel, As.

Setting	Description
fck (girder-final)	Strength of the compression block concrete.
As	Effective cross-sectional area of prestressing steel.
c	Approximate depth of compression block for ultimate capacity computations.
Mu-prvd	Nominal moment of strength provided by the section. Must be greater than Mu.
Mu	Required factored moment capacity.
db	Depth of beam from max. compression edge to cg of steel.
Mfyst	Capacity computed by yield of steel, under-reinforced section.
Mfcrc	Capacity computed by crushing of concrete.
Mult	Computer ultimate moment capacity.
Mprvd/reqd	Ratio of ultimate moment capacity provided over required.

Detensioning

Note: Simulation of strand cutting operation. Represents the state of stress at the top and bottom of the beam as each group of strands is cut or detensioned. Generally this is of importance only to fabricators or consulting engineers designing straight patterns with debonded strands.

Setting	Description
Groups	Number of group composed of one or two strands.
Loss	Loss of prestress at release.
Grp	Group number.
Str	Number of strands in the group.
Ys	Elevation of the center of gravity of the group of strands measured from the bottom of the beam.
E	Elevation of the group of strands at the end of the beam.
M	Elevation of the group of strands at the midspan of the beam.
F_t	Stress at the top of the girder at a particular location.
F_b	Stress at the bottom of the girder at a particular location.

Final Stresses: Negative Moment Envelope

Note: Final stresses are shown for half a beam only. Stresses are compared for both halves of the beam and the controlling stress is reported. Positive sign of the stress indicates compression and negative sign indicates tension. When the total stress exceeds the specified allowable stress, an asterisk is printed beside the exceeded value. For definition of individual terms, see Final Stresses: Positive Moment Envelope.

Reinforced Design

Note: Not yet implemented in Beta version.

Note: The required quantity of negative moment reinforcement in the deck is computed based on loads, which act on the composite section only. The required amount of top (and bottom, if any) steel shown represents the amount of steel associated with the beam under consideration and should be provided within the effective area. Top steel is assumed to be located at the mid-height of the deck. Bottom steel, occasionally necessary to avoid over-reinforced condition, is assumed to be located at two inches from the bottom flange of the precast (compression face).

Setting	Description
f_y	Specified yield strength of reinforcement.
phi	Strength capacity reduction factor. For reinforcement over piers phi = 0.9 (Art. 8.16.1.2.2).
f'_c	Compressive strength of concrete at 28 days. End sections are designed using f'c.
Sec	Sections for which reinforcement is calculated.
Dist	Distance of the section measured from the left pier centerline.
M_u-reqd	Total required factored moment.
b	Width of compression block.
hf	Thickness of flange under compression.
bw	Web width of the beam.
d	Effective depth. Distance from extreme compressive fiber to centroid of reinforcement in tension. Deck steel is assumed to be located at the midheight of the deck.
d'	Distance from compression fiber center of gravity to centroid of compression steel (computed if necessary), which is assumed to be located 2.00 inches from the bottom flange of the beam.
1.2*Mcr	1.2 * cracking moment causing flexural cracking at section due to externally applied loads.
Asb	Required amount of compression steel (bottom) for negative moments. Precast/Prestressed Girder computes the required amount of tension steel (Ast) in the deck (top), but occasionally bottom steel, assumed to be located at 2.0 inches from the bottom of the lower flange, is required to avoid an over-reinforced condition.
Ast-r	Required amount of deck steel to resist total factored negative moment at a section. Amount required is only for the beam under consideration. It should be placed in the deck in accordance with Art. 8.17.2.1.1.
Ast-p	Area of steel provided by the user in the Negative Moment Continuity Steel Tab on the Rebar dialog.
M-prvd	Moment capacity computed based on user provided steel area.

Reinforced Design (b) POSITIVE MOMENT AT PIERS

Setting	Description
Dist	Distance of the section measured from the left pier centerline.
Ms	Positive Design Moment. Includes restraining moment and live load.
b	Width of Compression block.
hf	Thickness of Flange under Compression.
bw	Web Width of Beam.
d	Effective Depth. Distance from extreme compressive fiber to centroid of reinforcement in tension. Steel is assumed to be located at the 2 inches or 50 mm from the bottom flange of the beam.
d'	Distance from compression fiber center of gravity to centroid of compression steel (computed if necessary), which is assumed to be 2 inches or 50 mm from the top of the deck.
1.2Mcr	Cracking moment.
Asb	Required amount of positive moment steel to resist larger of 1.2Mcr or Ms moment at a section. Amount required is only for the beam under consideration.
Ast	Additional compression steel if required.

Design Summary

Note: A comprehensive summary of the entire design is reported at the end of the output file. The summary compiles all important information regarding Beam and Span Information, Strand Data, Concrete Properties, Release Stresses, Ultimate Capacity, Debonding Percentages, Allowable and Computed Envelope Stresses, and Camber and Deflection values at mid-span.